Viscoelastic characterization of selected foods over an extended frequency range

Three disparate food systems (gummy candy, Mozzarella cheese, and cooked ham) were characterized for their viscoelastic behavior under isothermal conditions over an extended frequency range of 10⁻³ to 10⁴ Hz using broadband viscoelastic spectroscopy (BVS). The materials were tested for any stress-induced fluid flow. However, no evidence of fluid flow was found under the tested frequency range. Validity of time–temperature superposition for the selected materials was also tested and compared with data from BVS.     

Switching on a two-dimensional time-harmonic scalar wave in the presence of a diffracting edge

This paper concerns the switching on of two-dimensional time-harmonic scalar waves. We first review the switch-on problem for a point source in free space, then proceed to analyse the analogous problem for the diffraction of a plane wave by a half-line (the ‘Sommerfeld problem’), determining in both cases the conditions under which the field is well-approximated by the solution of the corresponding frequency domain problem. In both cases the rate of convergence to the frequency domain solution is found to be dependent on the strength of the singularity on the leading wavefront. In the case of plane wave diffraction at grazing incidence the frequency domain solution is immediately attained along the shadow boundary after the arrival of the leading wavefront. The case of non-grazing incidence is also considered.     

两跨输电线非线性主共振响应分析

研究两跨输电线非线性共振响应问题,应用Hamilton变分原理推导了两跨输电线的振动微分方程以及对应的边界条件。利用Galerkin离散方法和多尺度法,得到了单模态主共振响应。研究结果表明:幅频响应曲线表现出软、硬弹簧性质,随着外激励幅值的增大,输电线系统响应由软弹簧性质向硬弹簧性质转换;系统阻尼减小或外激励幅值增大时,系统幅值个数也随之发生变化,表现出多值和跳跃现象。     

一种薄板弯曲问题的四边形位移单元

本文基于修正势能泛函,引入广义协调的概念,导出了一种具有12个自由度的薄板弯曲四边形位移单元LGC—Q12,这种单元协调性好,列式简单,计算精度高。并且能近似地通过分片检验。     

Fuzzy variational principle and its applications

Linear and non-linear peaky fuzzy numbers and their arithmetic operations are constructed for the analysis of engineering structures with fuzzy characteristic quantities. Fuzziness of the corresponding quantities is consistently incorporated into the functional of the total potential energy. A set of deterministic recursive equations is obtained as the alternative expressions of the fuzzy variational principle by means of the second-order perturbation technique. The fuzzy Ritz method and the fuzzy finite element method are presented as the applications of the fuzzy variational principle. Accordingly, the roundabout procedures frequently used in the formulations of the fuzzy finite element method are avoided. A benchmark problem of a bending beam with fuzzy Young's modulus under fuzzy external loading is solved by the developed fuzzy numerical methods. Numerical examples show that results determined by these two fuzzy methods are both little conservative, and are in good agreement with those obtained by the analytical method. Moreover, the fuzzy Ritz method or the fuzzy finite element method can provide more valuable information than the conventional deterministic methods.     

等价变分原理泛函之间的联系

本文证明了等价变分原理的泛函,实质上都只相差某种加权残差项,这也就表明了,在已知的泛函后附加加权残差项,是建立等价变分原理最简便的方法.     

微载荷含油轴承摩擦性能研究Ⅰ.摩擦试验机设计

研制了1种针对径向轴承的微载荷摩擦试验机,介绍了其工作原理及结构,即利用外加载荷抵消浮动测试架重量以施加微小载荷,并利用激光位置传感器(PSD传感器)实现无接触位移测量;同时测量了摩擦副的转动角度并计算出摩擦系数;采用摩擦转角测量法和外加力矩平衡摩擦法测量微载荷下的摩擦性能,以测量时间末端位置作为位置基准,通过极限偏载平衡进行载荷标定.结果表明:微载荷摩擦试验机可应用于径向轴承在微小载荷下的摩擦力测量;可以通过在较大范围内设置结构参数来研究径向轴承的摩擦特性;并可利用数据采集技术研究速度和载荷连续变化条件下的摩擦性能.     

非线性水波Hamilton系统理论与应用研究进展

概述了辛几何理论与辛算法在Hamilton力学中的应用，综述非线性水波的Hamilton理论研究进展．阐述非线性水波Hamilton变分原理与方法的优越性与局限性，探讨KdV方程和BBM方程的Hamilton描述、对称性与守恒律，提出非线性水波Hamilton描述研究中有待进一步研究的问题和解法设想．     

大变位热弹性扁壳的一种边值模型

本文给出了正则形式基本方程及广义变分原理,并给出了关于应力函数、挠度、温度三种变量的一种边值模型。     

CONSOLIDATION HEORY OF UNSATURATED SOIL BASED ON THE THEORY OF MIXTURE(Ⅰ)

Unsaturated soil is a three-phase media and is composed of soil grain,water andgas.In this paper,the consolidation problem of unsaturated soil is investigated basedon the theory of mixture.A theoretical formula of effective stress on anisotropicporous media and unsaturated soil is derived.The principle of effective stress and theprinciple of Curie symmetry are taken as two fundamental constitutive principles ofunsaturated soil.A mathematical model of consolidation of unsaturated soil isproposed,which consists of25 partial differenfial equations with25 unknowns.Withthe help of increament linearizing method,the model is reduced to5 governingequations with5 unknowns,i.e.,the three displacement components of solid phase,thepore water pressure and the pore gas pressure.7 material parameters are involved inthe model and all of them can be measured using soil tests.It is convenient to use themodel to engineering practice.The well known Biot’s theory is a special case of themodel.